Do not know how to check the car starter system? Lets’ get it now!

We all know that if a car engine wants to start, it needs external support. Among the many parts, one part plays such a role. It is the starting motor of the car, also known as the starter. The starter is also an important part of the car's starting system. Some novice maintenance workers always seem helpless when checking the starting system. In fact, it is not difficult to check the starting system. Today I will talk to you about how to check.

◆Starting motor structure◆

Starter motors generally consist of three parts: ①DC series-excited motor; ②transmission mechanism; ③control device (also called electromagnetic switch). The DC series motor is the power part that produces torque, including the rotor assembly, the stator assembly, and the brush assembly. The transmission mechanism transfers the power of the DC series motor to the flywheel ring gear through the drive gear to complete the passive rotation of the engine and disengage the drive gear and the flywheel ring gear after the engine is started. The control part is used to connect and cut off the circuit between the motor and the battery.

◆Working principle of starting motor◆

When starting, the armature shaft drives the transmission sleeve through the spline to rotate the cross block. The cross block rotates clockwise relative to the housing, so that the roller rolls to the narrow end of the groove under the action of small friction and is clamped. That is, when the cross block rotates together, the electromagnetic torque of the motor is transmitted to the driving gear through the one-way clutch.

Once the engine is started, the engine flywheel drives the drive gear to rotate, making the shell rotate at a higher speed than the cross block, which rotates counterclockwise relative to the shell, causing the rollers to roll to the wide end of the groove and slip, thus avoiding the engine flywheel from driving the starter armature to high speed Rotating and damage the starter.

◆Daily inspection of starting system◆

1. Battery inspection

The normal operation of the starter depends on the electric energy of the battery. If the starting system cannot be started, first check whether the battery has sufficient power, check whether the battery pole is oxidized or corroded, and check whether the battery cable connector is loose.

2. Inspection of fuses and relays

The starting system has its own fuse and relay. If the starting system cannot work normally, after troubleshooting the battery, you should check the working status of the fuse and relay. The damage of the fuse can be measured with the help of a multimeter. The coil of the relay can be detected with the ohmic block of a multimeter. By energizing both ends of the relay coil, it can be detected whether the closed state of the relay contacts is good.

Fuses and relays are components that often fail in the starting system circuit and are also easy to measure. For the abnormal operation of the starting system, in the inspection method from simple to complex, you should start with fuses and relays.

Of course, there are many ways to judge the relay, which can be operated by replacement, touch, etc., but in the end, it must be verified by a multimeter.

3. Starter inspection

The components of the starter may be the fault point of the starting system. For the fault judgment of the control device, the transmission mechanism, and the DC series motor, there are few disassembly and repair in the actual maintenance process, especially for the DC series motor stator. The winding inspection and repair of the assembly and the rotor assembly, even if the open circuit or short circuit is found in the disassembly and inspection, and the coil winding is re-wound, the labor cost is also very high, and the actual maintenance process is completed by replacing the parts.

4. Check of starting circuit

Only when the starter is connected to the circuit can the starter complete its function. If the battery, fuse and relay, and the starter itself are all in good condition, the starter circuit should be checked if the starting system cannot work normally.

The focus of the inspection of the line is the open circuit, short-circuit fault of the line, and the connection of the line and the components. Poor contact is often the cause of the difficulty in troubleshooting.