Check out the ignition coil! Today’s lesson from BMTSR

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Check out the ignition coil! Today’s lesson from BMTSR

Categories: BMTSR NewsStars: 4Stars Visit: - Release time: 2021-10-16 14:19:00

Font size:【 Large Middle Small 】 Source: Editor: Author: BMTSR

Ignition coil is an important part of automobile ignition system, but it does not get our attention, because the ignition coil is generally replaced only after the car has driven about 100,000 kilometers. But once there is a problem with the ignition coil, the auto repair shop will advise you to replace the entire ignition coil.

The ignition coil is mainly composed of a primary coil, a secondary coil and an iron core. In the ignition system, the ignition coil is used to transform low-voltage electricity into high-voltage electricity, so that spark plugs produce electric sparks. It is precisely because of the particularity of the ignition coil structure that once a malfunction occurs, it is very troublesome to check.

In fact, the failure of the ignition coil will be accompanied by many obvious characteristics, which allows us to have a series of methods to detect the failure of the ignition coil.

◆Common ignition wire coil failure◆

1. A short circuit of the ignition coil winding will cause the ignition coil to fail to generate a normal voltage, resulting in insufficient ignition energy and causing the spark plug electrode to blacken too quickly (commonly caused by carbon deposits).

2. If the ignition coil is grounded or short-circuited, high-voltage electricity cannot be generated and the car cannot be ignited.

3. Discharge on the surface of the ignition coil, causing spark over on the outer surface of the ignition coil.

4. The aging of the insulation of the ignition coil will cause the car to turn off suddenly and the speed cannot be increased.

◆Detection method◆

ⅠExternal inspection

The external inspection of the ignition coil mainly includes the clean inspection of the shell, whether the high and low voltage coils are short-circuited, broken, grounded, and whether the intensity of the sparks meets the requirements.

Check the appearance of the ignition coil, whether the shell is intact and the model is consistent; whether there is crack or overflow of insulation, whether the connection of each terminal is secure, if the insulation cover is found to be broken or the shell is damaged, it should be replaced.

Check whether the high and low voltage coils are short-circuited, open circuited, and whether the low-voltage coils are grounded. Check the shell to see the appearance of the ignition coil, whether the high-voltage wire seat hole is intact, and repair it if necessary.

ⅡPrimary and secondary winding open circuit, short circuit, grounding inspection

Use a multimeter to measure the resistance value of the primary winding, the secondary winding and the additional resistance of the ignition coil, and it should meet the technical standards. Otherwise, it indicates a fault and should be replaced.

(1) Measuring resistance method

① Check the resistance of the primary winding. Use a multimeter to measure the resistance between the "+" and "-" terminals.

②Check the resistance of the secondary winding. Use a multimeter to measure the resistance between the "+" and the central high-voltage terminal.

③Check the resistance of the resistor. Use a multimeter to connect directly to the two terminals of the resistor.

(2) Lamp inspection method.

Connect the 220 volt lamp to the terminal of the primary winding, the light is on, it means there is no open circuit fault, otherwise it is open circuit.

When checking whether the winding has a ground fault, connect one end of the test lamp to the primary winding and the other end to the shell. If the light is on, it means there is a ground fault, otherwise it is good.

Note that it is not easy to detect short-circuit faults with lamps.

(3) Secondary winding inspection

For the secondary winding, one end is connected to the high-voltage jack, and the other end is connected to the primary winding.

In the test, when one contact pin of the test lamp is connected to the high-voltage socket and the other contact pin is connected to the low-voltage terminal, if the test lamp is lit, it means that there is a short-circuit fault; if the test lamp is dark red, it means that there is no short-circuit fault.

If the test lamp does not glow at all, you should pay attention to it. When you remove the contact pin from the post, see if there is a spark. If there is no spark, it means that the winding is open.

◆Ignition coil insulation performance test◆

It is best to detect the failure of its ignition coil under dynamic conditions.

(1) In the test run, use an oscilloscope to detect the waveform when a fault occurs. If the waveform changes after the hot car, it must be replaced.

(2) During the test run, use the infrared thermometer to detect the working temperature of the secondary coil at the first time the fault occurs. If it exceeds 95°C, it indicates that the ignition coil insulation is aging and there is a short-circuit point inside and must be replaced.

(3) During the test run, use an ohmmeter to check the resistance value of the secondary coil at the first time the fault occurs. If the resistance value becomes significantly smaller after the hot car, it means that the internal short circuit must be replaced.

◆Fire performance detection◆

(1) Check the spark intensity and continuity on the universal electrical test bench.

When checking the high voltage generated by the ignition coil, it can be tested on the test bench in conjunction with the distributor. If the spark of the arrester is strong and can penetrate a gap of more than 5.5 mm, the ignition coil has a good ignition intensity.

During the inspection, adjust the electrode gap to 7 mm, first run at low speed, when the temperature of the ignition coil rises to the working temperature (60～70℃), then adjust the speed of the distributor to the specified value (generally 4, 6 cylinder engine The speed of the ignition coil used is 1900 r/min, and that of the 8-cylinder engine is 2500 r/min). If the blue spark can be emitted continuously within 30 seconds, it means that the ignition coil is in good condition.

(2) Use the method of contrast flash over to test.

This method can be carried out on a test bench or on a vehicle. The tested ignition coil and the good ignition coil are respectively connected and compared to see if the spark intensity is the same. If there is an internal short circuit, open circuit, ground fault, or the ignition intensity does not meet the requirements, generally should be replaced with a new one.